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Monday, May 5, 2008

Serangga Perosak Tanaman - Labah-labah Merah / INSECT AND MITE PESTS 2 - Red Spider Mites



Red spider mites (Tetranychus urticae and T. cinnabarinus):
*Appearance: 8 legs (spider family); ovoid bodies; variable color (green, yellow,
orange and black but reddish brown when feeding on tomatoes).
*Life cycle: 5 stages: egg, larva, first nymphal (6 legs), second nymphal, adult.
Time in each stage depends on temperature (~30C/86F is optimal).
The population = 75% females, 25% males.
*Damage: Larvae, nymphs and adults pierce plant cells and suck out the contents usually from the under side of leaves. Chlorophyll is destroyed leaving yellow patches and photosynthesis decreases. These patches are a major problem on ornamentals. Nymphs and adults produce webbing which are swarming with mites and give the leaf a reddish hue.
*Control/Natural enemies: Dusting sulfur is an effect miticide. DO NOT dust beneficial mites or bees. The predatory mite (Phytoseiulus persimillis): Belongs to the same order as the red spider mite – Acarina. Nymphs and adults eat spider mites. Feeding depends on populations.
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Labah-labah merah adalah sejenis serangga seni yang boleh merosakkan sel tumbuhan dan menghisap cecair tanaman dari bawah daun. Bahan klorofil akan dirosakkan dan meninggalkan tompok-tompok kuning dan akhirnya mengurangkan kadar fotosintesis. Tompok-tompok ini adalah masalah utama bagi penghasilan bunga bagi tumbuhan. Anak serangga dan labah-labah dewasa menghasilkan sarang yang akan dikerumuni oleh anai-anai dan menjadikan daun kelihatan merah pucat.
Kawalan/Musuh semulajadi: Menabur serbuk sulfur berkesan menghapuskan serangga ini. Akan tetapi jangan meracun jika anda dapati serangga pemusuh yang bermanfaat sudah mula memasuki kawasan tanaman seperti lebah dan sejenis lagi serangga yang berasal dari jenis yang sama iaitu Acarina yang mana boleh memakan labah-labah merah.


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